Alternative approaches

   The peak activity of supporters who came to the 1960's, opposed to orthodox notion of schizophrenia as a disease. According to psychiatrist Thomas Sas, psychiatric patients are not sick, but rather a person with non-standard thinking and behavior, bringing inconvenience to society. He believes that the company violates fairness in its desire to control them, classifying their behavior as a disease and treatment in an attempt to exposing social control. According to him, "schizophrenia", in reality does not exist, it is only a social construct, based on representations of the society of the normal and abnormal.

   Sas never identify himself in terms of non-psychiatric treatment, he only believed that the decision on therapy should be made with the consent of two adult parties, not imposed on anyone against their will. Similar views expressed by psychiatrists RD Leyng, Silvano Arieti, Theodore Leeds, and Colin Ross, believe that the symptoms of what is called mental illness are comprehensible reactions to impossible demands imposed social and especially family life for some sensitive people. It felt Leyng, Arieti, Leeds and Ross, the content of psychotic experiences worthy of interpretation, as opposed to the presentation of them as minor and essentially meaningless superficial manifestations of mental or neurological disorders. Leyng was eleven descriptions of schizophrenia patients, arguing that the content of their actions and utterances, it was filled with sense and logic in the context of their family and life situations. In Palo Alto in 1956, Gregory Beytson with colleagues Paul Vatslavikom, Donald Jackson and Dzheem Haley developed a theory of schizophrenia, in the Leynga and suggestive appearance of disorder by a person in a situation of double messages in which he receives different or contradictory messages. It followed that madness is an expression of this stalemate, and has value as an experience of catharsis and transformation. Books "Schizophrenia and the family" and "The origins and therapy of schizophrenic disorders" Leeds and his colleagues explain their belief that parental behavior can lead children to a mental disorder. Book Arieti "The Interpretation of schizophrenia", in 1975, was awarded National Book Award (USA) in the scientific category.

   The concept of schizophrenia as a fruit of civilization has been further developed in the book, Julian Janes, 1976 "The origins of consciousness in the destruction of two-psyche"; he suggested that before the beginning of historic times schizophrenia or a similar condition is a normal state of human consciousness. This is manifested in the form of "double reason", in which the normal state of low passion, that is suitable for routine actions, in moments of crisis disrupted the appearance of "mysterious votes", giving instructions, and the early people believed that the gods interfered. Researchers spirits admit that in some cultures, schizophrenia or a related condition may predispose people to choose the role of shaman. The experience of access to multiple realities often occurs with schizophrenia, as well as a key experience in many traditions. Equally, the shaman may have the art direction and tone of some of the altered states of consciousness that have the label of psychiatric illness. Psihoistoriki, on the other hand, are taking psychiatric diagnoses. However, contrary to the current medical model of mental illness, they believe that in tribal societies to the development of personalities result of education gaps. There are many speculations about the existence of schizophrenia among the first religious orders of magnitude. In Paul Kurtz and other commentators are recognizing the idea that major religious figures have experienced psychosis, heard voices and have been raving greatness.

   Psychiatrist Tim Crow argues that schizophrenia may be an evolutionary payoff for humankind left part brain specialization associated with the emergence of language. Since psychosis associated with increased activation of right hemisphere and a decrease in the habitual domination of the left, perhaps, evolutionary development of our linguistic abilities entailed the risk of schizophrenia with the failure of the system.