About Schizophrenia

   Schizophrenia - polymorphic mental disorder or group of mental disorders, characterized by abnormalities in the perception of reality or its reflection. The demonstration of disease, usually associated with the emergence of productive symptoms (auditory hallucinations, paranoidny fantasy or delusion, or is in disarray and thinking) on a background of significant social dysfunction or loss of efficiency. The first symptoms usually appear in early adulthood in general, the risk of the disease, according to research, is 0,4-0,6%. The diagnosis is based on the analysis of patient complaints and his behavior. There is currently no clinically validated laboratory test for schizophrenia.

   Important pathogenic factors in the alleged data obtained in the studies are genetic predisposition, the living conditions in early childhood, a violation of neurobiological, psychological, and social interaction. There are currently actively studied neurobiological mechanisms of disease, but a single organic causes have not yet been determined. The variety of symptoms has generated debate about whether schizophrenia represents a single disease or a diagnosis, which is a series of separate syndromes. This ambiguity was reflected in the choice of names: Eygen Bleyler used the plural, named disease "schizophrenia". The word is confusing: in the popular culture of illness mistakenly equated with the "split personality" - inaccurate title dissociative identity disorder.

   A person suffering from schizophrenia, found increased activity in dofaminergicheskaya mezolimbicheskom ways and lower in mezokortikalnom. The basis of antipsychotic therapy is a means, which are due primarily to inhibition of DOPAMINE activity. The current dosage antipsihotikov tend to be lower than in the first years of their application. Also in the treatment of the important role played by psychotherapy, social and vocational rehabilitation. In severe disease if the patient poses a risk to yourself and others, may require involuntary hospitalization, but the frequency and period of stay in hospital declined compared with earlier times.

   It is believed that the disease primarily affects cognitive abilities, but it usually also cause persistent problems in the behavioral and emotional sphere. Patients with schizophrenia are likely komorbidnye diagnosed condition, including depression and anxiety disorders.The risk of alcoholism and drug addiction is about 40%. Of social problems such as long-term unemployment, poverty and homelessness. Increased risk of suicide and health problems result in lower life expectancy, which in patients of 10-12 years shorter than people not suffering from schizophrenia.